How is "Lochfraß" best described in English?

"Lochfraß" is best described in English as "pitting." This term specifically refers to a form of localized corrosion that leads to the formation of small pits or holes in a material, often metal. These pits develop over time as a result of chemical reactions with corrosive substances, leading to degradation of the surface.

In the context of materials science, understanding pitting is crucial because it affects the integrity and longevity of structures and components exposed to corrosive environments. Pitting is a significant concern especially in metals that are in contact with moisture or certain chemicals, as the discrete nature of these pits can lead to unexpected failures.

The other choices represent different forms of material degradation or failure. Corrosion is a broader term that encompasses various forms of deterioration, including pitting, but does not specifically refer to the localized nature of "Lochfraß." Fracture deals with breaking or cracking, which is distinct from the surface degradation seen in pitting. Wear implies a gradual removal of material due to friction or contact with another surface, which is different from the chemical processes involved in pitting. Thus, "pitting" is the most accurate translation for "Lochfraß."